1.5/2.2kW Spindle and VFD



Safety Statement

The author of this document is not liable or responsible for any accidents, injuries, equipment damage, property damage, loss of money or loss of time resulting from improper use of electrical or mechanical or software products.

Assembling electrical and mechanical CNC machine components like power supplies, motors, drivers or other electrical and mechanical components involves dealing with high voltage AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current) and other hazardous items which can be extremely dangerous and needs high attention to detail, experience, knowledge of software, electricity, electro-mechanics and mechanics.

BEFORE MAKING ANY CONNECTIONS OR DISCONNECTIONS POWER MUST BE REMOVED FROM THE DEVICE AND THE CONTROLLER. FAILURE TO DO SO WILL VOID ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES.

Before starting please read through all the instructions.

Note: Any Mains power connections must be installed by a Licensed electrician or suitability qualified person.

Errors and omissions excepted


Introduction:

This guide is for wiring and programming the 1.5kW/2.2KW Air Cooled or water-cooled Spindle while using the HuanYang or Follin VFD. This guide sets the Spindle control to be via the panel on the VFD. Please note it is possible to control the Spindle through software via some CNC Controllers, however, we do not support this configuration. For best use, at least when beginning and learning, keep the VFD/Spindle completely separate from your CNC Controller.

Read through all information below before starting any wiring or programming. Verify continuity using an ohms meter if the outer case on your spindle is electrically bonded to Pin 4 (earth/ground), if the spindle is not bonded to pin 4 we recommend adding a bonding wire.

Please do not attempt to run the Spindle without first adjusting the VFD parameters or you may irreversibly damage the spindle. Spindles damaged by an incorrectly programmed VFD may void your warranty
DISCLAIMER: Mains connections are to be done by a licensed electrician or suitably qualified person, always ask for a COES. Thoroughly read through the manual provided with the VFD and understand the function of the parameters before running the spindle. VFDs are complicated electronic devices and will be damaged or dangerous if not wired and configured correct. When in doubt, get a suitably qualified person to install and program. Critical parameters and the recommended settings are outlined in this guide, however again please also do your own research and read the manual thoroughly. Never make any connections or disconnections when any device is energised. Best practice is to physically unplug any electrical device from the wall when doing any electrical work. NEVER WORK ON A LIVE CIRCUIT.

VFD Connections:

It is always best to use crimped connectors when terminating to the VFD, and to solder the wires to the terminals of the Spindle. Always use heat shrink to cover all connections to protect against short circuits.

Please note the different VFD Types and wiring below:

Huanyang VFD Wiring:

  • Mains Connection: Use a cable suitable for 10A 240V
    • R = Active
    • S = Nothing
    • T= Neutral
    • Earth = Earth


Folinn VFD Wiring:

  • Mains Connection: Use a cable suitable for 10A 240V
    • R = Active
    • S = Neutral
    • T= Nothing
    • Earth = Earth


Spindle Connection:

This section applies to both the Folinn and Huanyang VFDs.

  • Best practice is to melt a small amount of solder in the connector pin before terminating the wire. Cut to length and tin the end of your cable. Then solder the cable to the terminal and ensure it is making a solid connection. Heat shrink all connections once complete.
    • U = 1
    • V = 2
    • W = 3
    • Earth/Ground = 4

Please note, if your spindle spins anti-clockwise then simply swap U and V on the VFD to make it spin clockwise.


The Earth/Ground Terminal Symbol is:




VFD Parameters: 1.5/2.2kW Huanyang VFD


The below instructions are for the Huanyang VFD.


Note: This is for spindle speed control via the VFD Panel Follow the below settings in order.

  • Factory Reset
    • Pd013 = 8
  • Source of Run Commands
    • Pd001 - 0
  • Source of operating Frequency
    • Pd002 = 0
  • Max operating Frequency
    • Pd005 = 400
  • Main Frequency (cannot do this unless set Max operating Frequency first pd005)
    • Pd003 = 400
  • Base Frequency (change the Max operating Frequency first Pd005)
    • Pd004 = 400 
  • Min Frequency
    • Pd007 = 0.50
  • Max Voltage
    • Pd008 = 220
  • Intermediate Frequency
    • Pd009 = 15
  • Min Voltage
    • Pd010 = 8.0
  • Frequency Lower Limits
    • Pd011 = 133.33
  • Acceleration Time 1
    • Pd014 = 10
  • Deceleration Time 1
    • Pd015 = 10
  • Starting Mode
    • Pd025 = 0
  • Starting Frequency
    • Pd027 = 0.80
  • Rated Motor Voltage
    • Pd141 = 220
  • Rated Motor Current (Ensure you choose the correct motor current for your spindle)
    • 1.5KW: Pd142 = 7
    • 2.2KW: Pd142 = 9
  • Motor Poles
    • Pd143 = 2
  • Rated Motor Revolutions
    • Pd144= 3000

Testing:

When you turn on the VFD press the “»»shift” button. It should say F400.00 (or another number) this is the frequency menu. 400.00 is maximum as set by pd005, the minimum should be 133 as set by pd011 (not recommended to be lower than this), note your VFD can display lower than 133, but the actual spindle will not go any lower than 133. You can adjust the frequency using the arrows. The spindle should only run once you press the Run button. You can increase the speed and decrease the speed before you press Run, also during Run. Press the “»»shift” button to change the speed units.

VFD Parameters: Folinn 1.5/2.2kW VFD


The below instructions are for the Folinn VFD (H1 Series).



Initially Reset the VFD to factory default setting settings by setting P01.11 = 2

To begin programming, press the PRG button and the programming parameters will show the parameter menu. With a new VFD out of the box, it will be P00. Press the ENTER button to enter the P00 parameter menu. It will now Show P00.00. Use the up and down arrows to change the parameter to read P01.11. You can also use the Left arrow button to shift to the left for parameters with multiple digits. Press the ENTER button to view and change the current value. Change the value to 2 by pressing the up arrow once. Press ENTER again to set and save the parameter. When all the parameters have been set, press the PRG button to leave the programming menu.

Repeat the steps for the below parameters.

VFD Parameters: Knob/Potentiometer Control.

  • Keyboard settings source
    • P01.63=1
  • Frequency Setting Source
    • P02.10=0
  • Maximum Set Frequency
    • P02.18 = 400
  • Motor Frequency – Lower Limit
    • P02.19=133.00
  • Acceleration Time (seconds)
    • P02.50=5
  • Deceleration Time (seconds)
    • P02.70=5
  • Start Command Source
    • P03.00=1
  • (RA, RB) Terminal Source
    • P03.30=4
  • Motor Frequency – Upper Limit
    • P05.08 = 400
  • Motor Rated Power (Ensure that you choose the correct motor power rating for your spindle)
    • 1.5kW: P06.11=1.5
    • 2.2kW: P06.11=2.2
  • Motor Rated Voltage
    • P06.12=220
  • Motor Rated Frequency
    • P06.13=400
  • Motor Rated Current (Ensure that you choose the correct motor current for your spindle)
    • 1.5kW: P06.14=7.00
    • 2.2kW: P06.14=9.00
  • Motor Rated Speed
    • P12.06=24000


VFD Parameters: CNC 0-10V Control.


The below instructions are for control of the VFD via the xPRO 0-10V control

Please wire your VFD and xPRO V5 controller as shown below: (Click to Maximize the image)




xPRO v5-VFD Connection table.


xPRO V5 Controller Terminals Folinn VFD Terminal
GND COM
0-10V AI1
GND (Relay) COM
NO (Relay) S1


  • Keyboard settings source
    • P01.63=0
  • Frequency Setting Source
    • P02.10=2
  • Maximum Set Frequency
    • P02.18 = 400
  • Motor Frequency – Lower Limit
    • P02.19=133.00
  • Acceleration Time (seconds)
    • P02.50=5
  • Deceleration Time (seconds)
    • P02.70=5
  • Start Command Source
    • P03.00=3
  • (RA, RB) Terminal Source
    • P03.30=4
  • Motor Frequency – Upper Limit
    • P05.08 = 400
  • Motor Rated Power (Ensure that you choose the correct motor power rating for your spindle)
    • 1.5kW: P06.11=1.5
    • 2.2kW: P06.11=2.2
  • Motor Rated Voltage
    • P06.12=220
  • Motor Rated Frequency
    • P06.13=400
  • Motor Rated Current (Ensure that you choose the correct motor current for your spindle)
    • 1.5kW: P06.14=7.00
    • 2.2kW: P06.14=9.00
  • Motor Rated Speed
    • P12.06=24000


After making the necessary connections and programming the VFD, You must calibrate the xPRO Controller to output the correct signal using the onboard potentiometer.

Referencing the image above, please follow the steps below.

  1. Make sure that the TOOLHEAD switch is in the PWM Position indicated by the #1 arrow.
  2. Remove the 4 screws holding the xPRO V5 lid and locate the 0-10V potentiometer indicated by the #2 arrow.
  3. Open up CNCjs and connect your xPRO V5 via USB. Connect the 24V power supply and switch the xPRO V5 controller on.
  4. In the CNCjs console, enter the following commands:
  5. $Spindle/Type=PWM
  6. $32=0
  7. $GCode/MaxS=24000 (Sets spindle Max Speed)
  8. $GCode/MinS=8000 (Sets spindle Minimum Speed)
  9. Next enter M3S24000. Your spindle will turn on so please ensure that the collet nut is removed.
  10. Put the probes of your multimeter on the GND and 0-10V terminals on the TOOLHEAD terminal and adjust the 0-10V potentiometer until the multimeter reads 10.00V.
  11. Type in the console M5 to turn the spindle off.

VFD Parameters: Folinn 1.5/2.2kW VFD


The below instructions are for the Folinn VFD (BD600 Series).



Initially Reset the VFD to factory default setting settings by setting F00.28 = 1. (See below on how to change the parameters)

To begin programming, press the PRGM/ESC button and the programming parameters will show the parameter menu. With a new VFD out of the box, it will be F00. Press the FUNC/DATA button to enter the F00 parameter menu. It will now Show F00.00. Use the up and down arrows to change the parameter to read F00.28. You can also use the JOG button to shift to the right for parameters with multiple digits. Press the FUNC/DATA button to view and change the current value. By default, it should be 0. Change it to 1 by pressing the up arrow once. Press FUNC/DATA again to set and save the parameter. When all the parameters have been set, press the PRGM/ESC button to leave the programming menu.

Repeat the above steps for the below parameters.

VFD Parameters: Knob/Potentiometer Control.

  • Frequency Reference Resolution
    • F00.11 = 1
  • Speed Control Mode
    • F00.00 = 2
  • Command Source Selection
    • F00.01 = 0
  • Max Output Frequency
    • F00.03 = 400.00
  • Run Frequency - Upper Limit
    • F00.04 = 400.00
  • Run Frequency - Lower Limit
    • F00.05 = 133.00
  • Frequency A command selection
    • F00.06 = 10
  • Keypad Setting Frequency
    • F00.10 = 400
  • Acceleration time 1
    • F00.12 = 5
  • Decceleration time 1
    • F00.13 = 5
  • Motor Rated Power: (Ensure that you choose the correct motor power rating for your spindle)
    • 1.5kW: F02.01 = 1.5
    • 2.2kW: F02.01 = 2.2
  • Motor Rated Frequency
    • F02.02 = 400
  • Motor Rated Speed
    • F02.03 = 24,000
  • Motor Rated Voltage
    • F02.04 = 220
  • Motor Rated Current: (Ensure that you choose the correct motor current for your spindle)
    • 1.5KW: F02.05 = 7
    • 2.2kW: F2.05 = 9


VFD Parameters: CNC 0-10V Control.


The below instructions are for control of the BD600 VFD via the xPRO V5's 0-10V VFD control port.

Please wire your VFD's terminals and xPRO V5 controller as shown below: (Click to Maximize the image)

xPRO v5-VFD Connection table.


xPRO V5 Controller Terminals Folinn BD600 VFD Terminal
GND (TOOLHEAD PLUG) ACM
0-10V (TOOLHEAD PLUG) AI1
GND (Relay) ACM
NO (Relay) S1

Initially Reset the VFD to factory default setting settings by setting F00.28 = 1

  • Frequency Reference Resolution
    • F00.11 = 1
  • Speed Control Mode
    • F00.00 = 2
  • Command Source Selection
    • F00.01 = 1
  • Max Output Frequency
    • F00.03 = 400.00
  • Run Frequency - Upper Limit
    • F00.04 = 400.00
  • Run Frequency - Lower Limit
    • F00.05 = 133.00
  • Frequency A command selection
    • F00.06 = 2
  • Keypad Setting Frequency
    • F00.10 = 400
  • Acceleration time 1
    • F00.12 = 5
  • Decceleration time 1
    • F00.13 = 5
  • Motor Rated Power: (Ensure that you choose the correct motor power rating for your spindle)
    • 1.5kW: F02.01 = 1.5
    • 2.2kW: F02.01 = 2.2
  • Motor Rated Frequency
    • F02.02 = 400
  • Motor Rated Speed
    • F02.03 = 24,000
  • Motor Rated Voltage
    • F02.04 = 220
  • Motor Rated Current: (Ensure that you choose the correct motor current for your spindle)
    • 1.5KW: F02.05 = 7
    • 2.2kW: F2.05 = 9


After making the necessary connections and programming the VFD, You must calibrate the xPRO Controller to output the correct signal using the onboard potentiometer.

Referencing the image above, please follow the steps below.

  1. Make sure that the TOOLHEAD switch is in the PWM Position indicated by the #1 arrow.
  2. Remove the 4 screws holding the xPRO V5 lid and locate the 0-10V potentiometer indicated by the #2 arrow.
  3. Open up CNCjs and connect your xPRO V5 via USB. Connect the 24V power supply and switch the xPRO V5 controller on.
  4. In the CNCjs console, enter the following commands:
  5. $Spindle/Type=PWM
  6. $32=0
  7. $GCode/MaxS=24000 (Sets spindle Max Speed)
  8. $GCode/MinS=8000 (Sets spindle Minimum Speed)
  9. Next enter M3S24000. Your spindle will turn on so please ensure that the collet nut is removed.
  10. Put the probes of your multimeter on the GND and 0-10V terminals on the TOOLHEAD terminal and adjust the 0-10V potentiometer until the multimeter reads 10.00V.
  11. Type in the console M5 to turn the spindle off.